• Stimulated Brillouin scattering during electron gyro-harmonic heating at EISCAT 

      Fu, Haiyang; Scales, Wayne A.; Bernhardt, Paul A.; Briczinski, Stan J.; Kosch, Michael J.; Senior, Andrew; Rietveld, Michael T; Yeoman, Timothy Kenneth; Ruohoniemi, J. Michael (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2015-08-11)
      Observations of secondary radiation, stimulated electromagnetic emission (SEE), produced during ionospheric modification experiments using ground-based, high-power, high-frequency (HF) radio waves are considered. The High Frequency Active Auroral Research Program (HAARP) facility is capable of generating narrowband SEE in the form of stimulated Brillouin scatter (SBS) and stimulated ion Bernstein ...
    • A Stimulated Emission Diagnostic Technique for Electron Temperature of the High Power Radio Wave Modified Ionosphere 

      Fu, Haiyang; Jiang, M. L.; Vierinen, Juha; Häggström, Ingemar; Rietveld, Michael T.; Varberg, Erik; Sato, Hiroatsu; Wu, Jiang; Scales, Wayne A.; Jin, Y. Q. (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-08-09)
      We report observations of stimulated electromagnetic emission (SEE) induced by high power high frequency (HF) radio waves near the third electron gyroharmonic (3urn:x-wiley:00948276:media:grl64672:grl64672-math-0022) at European Incoherent Scatter Radar (EISCAT). It is discovered that stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) spectrum behaves similarly as spectral ion lines of the incoherent scatter ...